NEW MEDIA BY MCLUHAN.
By Kidendei Segereti
The use
of the term “new media” is of
course relative. When McLuhan analyzed television
and automation these were the new
media of his time. At any given point
in time there will always be new
media or perhaps more accurately newer
media. The term “new media” as it
is used today refers to a class of
media that are digital and interactive and
hence differ from the electric mass media
that McLuhan (1964) addressed in UM.
What’s new
about today’s “new media” is that
they are digital, they are linked and
cross linked with each other and the
information they mediate is very easily
processed, stored, transformed, retrieved, linked
and perhaps most radical of all easily
searched for and accessed. This is
why I believe that McLuhan’s stunning
analysis of the new media of his
day, namely electric mass media, and their
total transformation of education, work and society
deserves and requires an updating.
To better
understand the ground in which today’s
media interact we will investigate the
transition from the non-digital electric
media to the interactive digital media.
Although McLuhan included computing and
automation in his analysis of media,
which are certainly digital media they were
at the time of the publication of
UM isolated figures operating in the ground
of electric mass media. Also the
computer in McLuhan’s day was not as
interactive as today’s because one had
to submit a job, which included both
the program and the data as part
of a batch with other jobs and wait
many hours for one’s output. The
slightest error in one’s input, such
as a missing comma, would result in
another delay. With the emergence of the
microcomputer, the Internet, email, the
World Wide Web and cell phones a new
communication and information ground emerged that
was truly interactive and which changed the figure of each and every
medium. The emergence of the “new media”
ground presents us with two motivations to
re-analyze the media that McLuhan studied
in UM. First of all, the old media
became the content of the “new media”
and hence to understand the “new media”
we must understand the old media in
the new ground. The content of the
“new media” will be the old media
such as speech writing.
A second reason
to reexamine old media is that the
ground has changed from electric mass media
to that of the interactive digital
media and therefore the effects and impacts
of the old media have changed. Radio,
television and the movies are not the
same in 2007 that they were in
1964 when UM first hit the presses.
They have undergone some technical improvements
like large flat screens for TV and
Dolby sound and computer animation for
the movies, but that is not the real
story of their changed impact. The
real story is that the ground has
changed underneath these media and their
place in our culture and their effect on society have
changed. Understanding the interaction of a
medium with other media has always been
an important part of the approach
McLuhan pioneered, which is at the heart of
media ecology. Understanding these interactions
becomes even more critical with the “new
media” because of convergence and the
fact that the links between media are
even stronger with digitization.
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